Course Content
💊 Station 1 — Prescription Writing for Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Learning Outcomes Write an appropriate prescription for a supplied case of pulmonary tuberculosis. Include the essential components of a complete prescription: drugs, dose, route, frequency and duration. Demonstrate rational and safe anti-tuberculous prescribing according to the supplied clinical scenario.
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Prescription Writing for Pulmonary Tuberculosis
⚖️ Station 2 — Differentiation of Hanging and Strangulation on a Model
Learning Outcomes Examine the provided model and differentiate hanging from strangulation. Demonstrate the important distinguishing features on the model. State the relevant medico-legal significance of the demonstrated findings.
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Differentiation of Hanging and Strangulation on a Model
⚖️ Station 3 — Identification of Different Types of Hanging on a Model
Learning Outcomes Examine the provided model depicting hanging. Differentiate the demonstrated types of hanging. Identify the features on the model that support the classification.
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Identification of Different Types of Hanging on a Model
😷 Station 4 — Identification and Correct Wearing of Respiratory Masks
Learning Outcomes Identify the different masks provided at the station. State their appropriate uses. Demonstrate the correct protocol for wearing the selected mask.
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Identification and Correct Wearing of Respiratory Masks
💨 Station 5 — Correct Use of a Metered-Dose Inhaler with Spacer
Learning Outcomes Demonstrate the correct stepwise use of a metered-dose inhaler with a spacer. Perform the steps in the correct sequence. Demonstrate appropriate coordination of inhaler actuation and inhalation using the spacer.
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Correct Use of a Metered-Dose Inhaler with Spacer
💊 Station 6 — Prescription Writing for Acute and Chronic Asthma
Learning Outcomes Write an appropriate prescription for a supplied acute or chronic asthma scenario. Select appropriate medication(s), dose, route, frequency and duration. Demonstrate safe and complete prescription-writing practice.
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Prescription Writing for Acute and Chronic Asthma
🚨 Station 7 — Prescription Writing for Status Asthmaticus
Learning Outcomes Recognize that the supplied scenario represents severe/status asthmaticus requiring emergency treatment. Write the appropriate emergency pharmacological prescription/order. Include appropriate drugs, routes and dosing instructions in a clear prescription format.
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Prescription Writing for Status Asthmaticus
📈 Station 8 — Interpretation of Spirometry in Asthma/COPD
Learning Outcomes Interpret a provided spirometry report. Identify an obstructive ventilatory pattern when present. Relate the spirometry findings to the supplied asthma/COPD clinical scenario.
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Interpretation of Spirometry in Asthma/COPD
🩺 Station 9 — Focused Assessment of an Asthma/COPD Patient
Learning Outcomes Perform a focused routine assessment of a patient with asthma or COPD. Identify important findings and relevant complications/red flags. Determine when specialist referral is required.
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Focused Assessment of an Asthma/COPD Patient
🩻 Station 10 — Identification of Common Abnormalities on Chest X-Ray
Learning Outcomes Examine a provided chest radiograph systematically. Identify and describe the major radiological abnormality demonstrated. Correlate the radiological finding with the supplied respiratory clinical scenario.
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Identification of Common Abnormalities on Chest X-Ray
🫁 AIM OSPE/OSCE Lab — Respiratory-II Module | 3rd Year MBBS
AIM OSCE / OSPE • MBBS

⚖️ Station 3 — Identification of Different Types of Hanging on a Model

Rapid Revision • Model Recognition • Forensic Medicine • Viva

🎯 Task

Candidate Task

Examine the provided forensic teaching model. Identify and classify the type of hanging demonstrated, and state the visible features on the model that support your classification.

⚡ Model Station Answer — What to say in the exam

By suspension: Hanging is complete when the whole body is suspended with no part touching a supporting surface; it is incomplete or partial when some part of the body remains supported.
By knot position: It is typical hanging when the knot is at the occiput in the midline behind the neck, and atypical hanging when the knot lies elsewhere.
Classification: I would classify the demonstrated model according to these visible features and state the supporting observation.

🔎 Stepwise Procedure / Approach

  1. Observe the whole model first. Determine the relationship of the body to the suspension point and any supporting surface.
  2. Assess body suspension. Look specifically for whether the feet, knees, buttocks or another body part remain in contact with the ground or another support.
  3. Classify by suspension. No body support indicates complete hanging; persistent support of any body part indicates incomplete/partial hanging.
  4. Locate the knot. Examine where the ligature knot is positioned in relation to the back, sides and front of the neck.
  5. Classify by knot position. A knot at the occiput in the posterior midline supports typical hanging; a knot at another position supports atypical hanging.
  6. Correlate all visible features. Do not classify the model from a single feature if both suspension and knot position can be assessed.
  7. State the answer clearly. Name the demonstrated type and immediately mention the visible feature that justifies your classification.
Exam tip: “Complete versus partial” and “typical versus atypical” describe different aspects of hanging. A case may therefore be described using both classifications when the model allows both to be assessed.

🖼️ Visual Learning

Visual 1

Recognition of Complete, Partial, Typical and Atypical Hanging

🎥 Practical Video

🎥 Practical Demonstration — Hanging: Types and Forensic Features

Source: Forensic with Priyanka

Useful MBBS-focused demonstration and explanation of the major classifications of hanging, including complete versus partial and typical versus atypical hanging.

▶ Watch Practical Video

 

📝 Important Viva Questions

Q1. What is hanging?

Answer: Hanging is a form of mechanical asphyxia caused by constriction of the neck by a ligature, where the constricting force is produced by the weight of the whole body or part of the body.

Q2. What is complete hanging?

Answer: In complete hanging, the body is fully suspended and no part of it is supported by the ground or another surface.

Q3. What is incomplete or partial hanging?

Answer: In partial hanging, some part of the body remains supported while the neck is still subjected to constriction by the ligature through partial body weight.

Q4. What is typical hanging?

Answer: Typical hanging is conventionally described when the knot is situated over the occiput in the posterior midline.

Q5. What is atypical hanging?

Answer: Atypical hanging is hanging in which the knot is situated at a position other than the occipital posterior midline, such as the side or front of the neck.

Q6. Does partial hanging require the feet to be completely off the ground?

Answer: No. Partial hanging may occur with the feet, knees, buttocks or another part of the body supported, provided sufficient body weight acts through the ligature to constrict the neck.

Q7. Can the same hanging be described as both complete and atypical?

Answer: Yes. Complete or partial refers to the degree of body suspension, whereas typical or atypical refers to the position of the knot; therefore both descriptions may apply to the same case.

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