Renal & Urinary System Module — 4th Year MBBS

About Course

An integrated 4th Year MBBS module covering the pathology, pharmacology, medicine, surgery/urology and relevant basic-science foundations of renal and urinary tract disorders. The module develops understanding of renal function, fluid and electrolyte balance, acid–base disorders, acute and chronic kidney disease, glomerular and tubulointerstitial diseases, hypertension, urinary tract disorders, renal stones and obstructive uropathy, with emphasis on clinical evaluation, diagnosis and management through KMU-aligned integrated learning and clinical application.

Course Content

📘 Topic 1 — Renal Structure and Function: Applied Anatomy, Glomerular Filtration, Tubular Handling, Acid–Base Balance and Renal Evaluation

📘 Topic 2 — Glomerular Diseases and Nephrotic–Nephritic Syndromes: Pathogenesis, Morphology, Clinical Evaluation and Management

📘 Topic 3 — Acute Kidney Injury and Renal Vascular Disorders: Tubular Injury, Electrolyte Emergencies and Acute Renal Care

📘 Topic 4 — Chronic Kidney Disease, Renal Replacement Therapy and Renal Transplantation

📘 Topic 5 — Tubulointerstitial Disease and Urinary Tract Infection: Pathology, Antimicrobial Therapy and Special Populations

📘 Topic 6 — Cystic and Congenital Renal Disorders: Polycystic Kidney Disease, PUJ Obstruction and Urinary Tract Anomalies

📘 Topic 7 — Urolithiasis, Renal Trauma and Diagnostic Imaging of the Urinary Tract

📘 Topic 8 — Renal Tumors: Renal Cell Carcinoma and Wilms Tumor

📘 Topic 9 — Obstructive Uropathy and Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction: Hydronephrosis, BPH, Incontinence and Urethral Stricture

📘 Topic 10 — Bladder and Prostate Malignancies: Pathology, Clinical Evaluation, Pharmacotherapy and Surgical Management

📘 Topic 11 — Sexually Transmitted Infections: Epidemiology, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention

📘 Topic 12 — Environmental Health: Water and Air Quality, Pollution, Waste Management and Disaster Health