📘 Step 1 — Curriculum Coverage

This topic uses the AIM Learning Cycle to help MBBS students understand the cardiac cycle, valve function and heart sounds by integrating Physiology, Anatomy and Clinical Correlation.

🔹 Anatomy

• Identify the anatomical basis of heart valve function and valvular disorders

🔹 Physiology

• Describe the cardiac cycle
• Describe the concept of systole and diastole
• Describe the role of atria and ventricles as pumps
• Correlate the cardiac cycle events with ECG
• Describe the mechanism of production of normal and abnormal heart sounds
• Relate heart sounds with cardiac cycle
• Describe the metabolism and oxygen utilization of cardiac muscle
• Describe the regulation of cardiac cycle
•Describe the functions of mitral, tricuspid, aortic and pulmonic valves and their role in normal cardiac cycle
• Describe the hemodynamics and sequelae related to stenosis and regurgitation of heart valves

🩺 Clinical Importance

• Correlate valvular heart disease with murmurs, breathlessness and cardiac dysfunction