Foundation-II Module — 3rd Year MBBS

About Course

Molecules, Microbes, Cell Injury, Ageing & Death

An integrated 3rd Year MBBS module exploring the molecular and microbial basis of disease, mechanisms of cellular injury and adaptation, and the biological and pathological processes associated with ageing and death. The module connects core pathology, microbiology and related disciplines to clinically relevant disease mechanisms across two major themes: Molecules, Bacteria & Cell Injury (3 weeks) and Ageing & Death (2 weeks).

Course Content

🧬 Theme I — Molecules and Bacteria

📘 Topic 1 — Foundations of Pharmacology, Drug Sources, Routes, Absorption and Bioavailability

📘 Topic 2 — Drug Distribution, Biotransformation and Pharmacogenetic Variation

📘 Topic 3 — Drug Excretion, Dosage Regimens and Pharmacokinetic Principles

📘 Topic 4 — Pharmacodynamics, Drug Receptors and Dose–Response Relationships

📘 Topic 5 — Drug Interactions, Altered Drug Response, Adverse Reactions and Drug Development

📘 Topic 6 — Cellular Foundations, Bacterial Classification, Structure, Growth and Genetics

📘 Topic 7 — Laboratory Diagnosis, Bacterial Pathogenesis and Prevention of Bacterial Disease

📘 Topic 8 — Forensic Medicine, Medical Law, Professionalism and Patient Safety

📘 Topic 9 — Foundations of ENT and Ophthalmology: Refractive and Lacrimal Disorders

📘 Topic 10 — Health, Disease, Prevention, Primary Health Care and Health Systems

🧬 Theme II — Aging and Death

📘 Topic 11 — Cellular Injury: Causes, Mechanisms and Subcellular Responses

📘 Topic 12 — Cellular Adaptation, Necrosis, Apoptosis and Cellular Ageing

📘 Topic 13 — Intracellular Accumulations, Steatosis, Pigments and Pathologic Calcification

📘 Topic 14 — Thanatology, Diagnosis of Death and Death Certification

📘 Topic 15 — Cataract: Pathogenesis, Types, Complications and Management

📘 Topic 16 — Health Research, Health Systems and General Practice