📘Step 1. Curriculum Coverage
💊 Pharmacology
Drug Interactions
- Define drug interaction.
- Define drug incompatibilities with examples.
- Describe pharmacokinetic drug interactions and their clinical significance.
- Describe pharmacodynamic drug interactions and their clinical significance.
- Describe drug-food and drug-disease interactions with examples.
- Define summation, synergism and potentiation with examples.
Tolerance and Tachyphylaxis
- Define tolerance, cross-tolerance, reverse tolerance/sensitization, innate tolerance, tachyphylaxis and drug resistance.
- Describe mechanisms of tolerance and tachyphylaxis.
- Define drug holidays with an example.
Adverse Drug Reactions
- Define adverse drug effect, secondary effect and intolerance.
- Classify adverse drug reactions.
- Describe dose-related side effects and toxic effects.
- Describe non-dose-related idiosyncratic and allergic reactions.
- Describe causes of adverse drug reactions.
- Enlist important hepatotoxic, nephrotoxic and cardiotoxic drugs.
- Enlist drugs causing adverse effects on reproduction.
New Drug Development
- Describe drug discovery and development.
- Define lead compound and drug screening.
- Describe preclinical and clinical studies.
- Define placebo, placebo response and nocebo response.
- Define no-effect dose and minimum lethal dose.
- Describe the four phases of clinical trials.
- Define post-marketing surveillance.
- Define single-blind, double-blind, crossover and ADME studies.
- Describe the role of the FDA in drug development.
Differentiate IND from NDA.